Split Gill Mushroom Cultivation Booklet

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Product Name: Split Gill Mushroom

Scientific Name: Schizophyllum commune

General

Split Gill is unique in the sense that it is neither a true gilled mushroom nor a polypore but something in between. It is believed that gilled mushrooms evolved from polypores, and Split Gill appears to be that intermediate link between the two. 

Culinary value

The species is edible and widely consumed in Mexico and some tropical countries. However, in the US and Europe it is considered inedible due to differences in taste standards and also may be due to its tough texture. In North-East India, it is a favorite ingredient in Manipuri's Paankam while in Mizoram it is one of the highest-rated edible mushrooms in the Mizo community.

Medicinal importance

1. Schizophyllum commune extracts had curative properties against bacteria and fungi infections and hence can be used as potential antimicrobial agents.

2. Lectin from commune showed mitogenic activity on mouse splenocytes, antiproliferative activity toward tumor cell lines, and inhibitory activity toward HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

3. Schizophyllum commune produces the polysaccharide Schizophyllan which shows considerable anti-cancer activity. It is proved useful for recurrent and inoperable gastric cancer, as well as increasing survival times of patients with head and neck cancers without any side effects.

4. Polysaccharides and phenolic compounds present in commune express antioxidant properties. Thus, using this mushroom in the daily diet as a source of natural antioxidants might be beneficial for human health in preventing or reducing oxidative damage.

Industrial importance

Polysaccharides and phenolic compounds present in S. commune express antioxidant properties. Oxidation must be controlled in food products to maintain attractive flavors, odors, and textures, or longer shelf life. To prevent this process, food-grade antioxidants like extracts of S. commune can play an important role.

Nutritional Importance & Benefits

• Split Gill extract has demonstrated promising results in cancer studies as an adjunct to standard treatment with chemotherapy or radiation. 

•  In a trial on neck cancer, the combination of Split Gill extract with radiation treatment saw an increased survival rate from 73.4% to 86.7%. 

• Other studies on Split Gill extract have also shown it to possess anti-tumor properties with promising results on cervical and lung cancers, gastric cancer,  uterine cancer,  and squamous cell carcinoma. 

• It appears that Split Gill extract works by enhancing the body's own natural defenses, which is why it's effective as an adjunct to other therapies.  

• An active compound from Split Gill, sizofiran, proved effective in helping to restore the immune system after radiation treatment.

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• Split Gill Mushroom Liquid Spawn